Ortho Diseases and Treatment

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What kinds of injuries or disorders do orthopedic surgeons treat?

The orthopedic surgeons provide treatment for a wide variety of diseases and conditions, including:

  • Fractures and dislocations
  • Torn ligaments, sprains, and strains
  • Tendon injuries, pulled muscles, and bursitis
  • Ruptured disks, sciatica, low back pain, and scoliosis
  • Arthritis and osteoporosis
  • Knock knees, bow legs, bunions, and hammer toes
  • Bone tumors, muscular dystrophy and cerebral palsy
  • Club foot and unequal leg length
  • Abnormalities of the fingers and toes and other growth abnormalities

What kind of diagnostics tests may be involved ?

You may be recommend X-rays, an MRI, or a CT scan. X-rays are generally used to help diagnose fractures and dislocations, bone degeneration or disease, infections, or tumors. An MRI may be used to help identify bone and joint problems. And a CT scan is especially helpful in diagnosing problems with the spine and vertebrae.

What are the most common orthopaedic surgeries?

The most common orthopaedic surgeries are:

  • Arthroscopic surgery of the knee, shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip and ankle
  • Joint replacement surgery, during which an arthritic or damaged joint is removed and replaced with an artificial joint
  • Repair of soft tissue injuries, such as torn tendons or ligaments

What is arthroscopy surgery?

The orthopedic surgeons provide treatment for a wide variety of diseases and conditions. Arthroscopic surgery is a minimally invasive procedure in which the surgeon uses a high-definition fiber-optic camera that is about the diameter of a pencil to perform surgery through small incisions. Arthroscopy is also used to diagnose and treat virtually all joint problems, including those of the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, and ankle. Arthroscopy allows the surgeon to treat many conditions in the least invasive manner possible. As arthroscopic surgery is performed through small incisions, injury to soft tissues is avoided, which results in quicker and less painful recovery times.

How do I know that I need replacement surgery?

Knee replacement may be an option when nonsurgical interventions such as medication, physical therapy, and the use of a cane or other walking aid no longer help alleviate the pain. When joint pain interferes with your ability to carry out daily activities or disturbs your sleep, it may be time to consider joint replacement. We generally try to delay total knee replacement for as long as possible in favor of less invasive treatments. With that being said, if you have advanced joint disease, knee replacement may offer the chance for relief from pain.

What are the benefits of joint replacement surgery?

The primary goals of joint replacement surgery are to restore mobility and to relieve pain. Good evidence-based medicine data reveals that a typical total hip or knee replacement lasts at least 20 years in about 80 percent of patients, which lets patients enjoy their favorite activities without pain. Joint replacement care at Prashanth Hospital is a truly comprehensive experience; it encompasses the entire process from evaluation through rehabilitation. Inpatient rehabilitation for any post-surgery issues is addressed with utmost care and compassion.

How do I prepare myself before the surgery?

There are several things you can do to enhance the results of your surgery and make your recovery safer and more comfortable: • If your doctor has suggested you lose weight, try changing your diet and be as active as you can. Be sure that any dieting involves maintaining good nutrition. Malnutrition is one of the factors that will adversely affect healing after surgery. • If you are a smoker, try to quit. Smoking can slow down your healing. • You can do strengthening exercises as advised before surgery to reduce the healing time. • Post-surgery physiotherapy should be done as per the doctor’s guidance

What should I not do after a replacement surgery?

Avoid high-impact exercises such as running or jogging on hard pavement or any activities that involve sudden jolts to your body. Implants are durable but will wear out with heavy use. The best exercises for lower extremity fitness after joint replacement are swimming, the elliptical trainer or the stationary bicycle to ensure a long life for your implant.

Benign Bone Tumors (non- cancerous) does not spread to the other parts of the body. These tumors may destroy the bone and surgical treatment is required in order to remove the tumor and thereby restoring the bone health. 

Types of bone tumors

  • Benign Lesions
  • Unicameral Bone Cyst
  • Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
  • Osteoblastoma
  • Enchondroma
  • Unicameral Bone Cyst
  • Giant Cell Tumor
  • Osteoid Osteoma
  • Fibrous Dysplasia
  • Chondromyxoid Fibroma
  • Osteochondroma

These cancerous tumors require an early treatment at the start of the disease. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the treatments required either before or after the surgery. The aim of the surgery is to remove the entire diseased bone in order to avoid amputation and thereby restoring the appearance and function of the diseased area. 

The types include:

  • Malignant tumors of bone
  • Osteosarcoma
  • Metastatic Carcinoma
  • Chondrosarcoma
  • Ewing’s Sarcoma
  • Multiple Myeloma

They generally occur in the form of capsules of joints like shoulder, foot, hip, knee, elbow or wrist. These lesions can develop and harm or create pain in the joint. The surgical procedure is done to remove the lesion of the joint and thereby restoring the health and function of the diseased area. 

The types include:

  • Tenosynovial Giant Cell Lesion
  • Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis
  • Synovial Chondromatosis

These tumors mostly arise either in fat or muscle and not in the bone. They can be both malignant or benign. These tumors are rare and generally develops in the pelvic area or in the limbs. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the two treatments available that are done either before or after the surgery. 

The types include:

  • Malignant soft tissue lesions
  • Liposarcoma
  • Malignant fibrous histiocytoma
  • Rhabdomyosarcoma
  • Fibrosarcoma
  • Synovial cell sarcoma

It is a serious condition where there is a growth of abnormal cells in the bone that could be benign or cancerous. The abnormal growth usually occurs in the areas of fast growth and the reason of this bone tumor is still unknown. Probable causes could be trauma and radiation or inherited mutations. In most cases no particular reason is found for this cancerous condition.

Arthritis

One of the major reasons that affect the knee joint and hinder routine activities is Arthritis. The slowly wearing condition of the tissue on the ends of the bones leads to the reduction of joint space, severe joint pain, shifts in bone movement, and friction in the exposed bone surface.

Types of Arthritis

Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis occurs from ‘wear and tear’ and is the most common reason for total knee replacement. It usually occurs after the age of 50 and is a genetic problem. When the tissue covering the bones softens and wears away, the bones begin to rub against each other which leads to severe pain.

Rheumatoid Arthritis

When the tissues surrounding the bone release excessive fluid due to inflammation, it causes damage to cartilage and other parts of the joint. This causes pain and stiffness.

Traumatic Arthritis

This type of arthritis usually occurs after a serious knee injury. Due to the knee fracture, the connective tissue and the tissue covering the ends of the bone wears away, resulting in pain and stiffness.

We provide the best clinical care to women and men with chronic inflammatory arthritis, connective tissue diseases, osteoarthritis, regional musculoskeletal conditions and other general rheumatologic problems with the help of the best orthopedic doctors in Chennai. Whether you’re suffering from the early stages of osteoarthritis or require a total joint replacement, our orthopedic team can help.


Arthroscopy is a surgical procedure by which the internal structure of a joint is examined for diagnosis and/or treatment using a tube-like viewing instrument called an arthroscope.
  • Keyhole surgery for disorders of the knee, shoulder, elbow, and ankle
  • Trauma and fracture surgery
  • Management of fractures
  • Correction of deformities
  • Meniscal Repair

The following are the conditions most frequently discovered during an arthroscopic procedure:

  • Inflammation - This includes in the lining (synovium) of the knee, shoulder, elbow, wrist, or ankle
  • Injuries - Rotator cuff tendon tears, impingement syndrome, and recurrent dislocations in the shoulder, meniscal tears,and more
  • Pieces of loose bone or cartilage in the knee, shoulder, elbow, ankle, or wrist.

Please see a specialist for a treatment recommendation based on your condition. Our experts can help.

The meniscus is a very important part of the knee joint and acts as a shock absorber for the knee. Meniscal tears are very common and are of different types.

Causes and Symptoms

The causes of meniscus tears are sports injuries, falls, squatting, and sudden twisting. Old degenerative knees will tear even by a simple movement like getting up from a chair. The symptoms include

  • Pain
  • Stiffness and swelling
  • Catching or locking of your knee
  • The sensation of your knee “giving way”
  • Unable to move your knee through its full range of motion

    Treatment

    It can be diagnosed with an MRI. The larger tears in the white red zone and the red zone are repaired with Arthroscopic meniscal repair anchors.


We provide advanced facilities for spine surgery with excellent diagnosis and affordable spine surgery in Chennai. 
The surgeries include:
  • Disc surgery
  • Microsurgery for disc
  • Fixation systems for fractures
  • Surgery for correction of spinal deformities
  • Surgery for spinal tuberculosis
  • Endoscopic spine surgery

Joint replacement surgeries and revision surgeries (Hip and knee) using the latest KICK navigation computerized technology for accuracy and minimum stay in hospital. Whether you require total or partial joint replacement for hips, knees or shoulders, we’re here to return you to daily life, moving better than ever. We have the best knee specialists in Chennai.

Knee replacements

Total Knee Replacement surgery is one of the most significant advancements of the 20th century. With the rapid improvement in technology, the computer is being increasingly used in knee replacement surgeries, where it helps overcome the drawbacks of conventional surgery. India is among a few affordable destinations in the world for knee replacement surgery.

The typical symptoms which need immediate attention include

Inability to fully straighten your knees

Swelling or stiffness

Popping or crunching noises

Redness or warmth to touch

Why opt for Computer-assisted joint replacement surgery?

Joint replacement surgery is the last step in treatment for severe arthritis and is most commonly performed in the hip and knee. When a joint replacement surgery is performed, the components of the new implant must be properly positioned. Computer-assisted joint replacement helps in the proper positioning of the implants. The surgeon attaches special reflectors to the patient’s thigh and leg bones that are detected by an infrared camera connected to the computer. The computer subsequently constructs an electronic model of the knee based on the information fed by the surgeon. The computer can then guide the surgeon in achieving the proper positioning of the implants.

Is the proper positioning of implants crucial?

An incorrectly aligned implant can lead to early wear and loosening of the replaced joint. The computer is an important tool to confirm the proper placement of the implants. Though most patients are concerned about the type of implant when considering knee replacement, the most important consideration should be how well these implants are positioned.

Other benefits of Computer Assisted Surgery

Knee arthritis with complex extra-articular deformities and in situ hardware can be tackled appropriately using a computer where conventional techniques may be inadequate

In obese patients where limb alignment is difficult to assess, computer improves accuracy and avoids errors

Less blood loss

Early functional recovery and quicker discharge from the hospital

We have the best knee surgeons in Chennai who are well-equipped to provide word-class treatment to deal with total knee replacement surgery.